What are bio materials and its importance?

ABOUT Biomedical Materials?

these are the materials used in medical devices and are intended in to interact with the biological system. These are employed in components implanted into to the human body  for replacement of diseased or damaged body parts. those materials are in biomedical application such as metals, ceramics, Polymers and composites.

(Also read about How gold nano-particles use in treatment of cancer?)

Bio Metals:

High-strength, good definite and biocompatible generation of fine wear particles leading to implant loosening and inflammation. The metals copper, zinc, iron, manganese, CoCrMo and Ti alloy are examples of metals that are essential for the human body. Example:

• CoCrMo (Cobalt chromium molybdenum) alloy have excellent wear resistance and excellent corrosion resistance but release harmful and I chromium and into the body.
• Ti alloy allow bone growth at the interface, unsatisfactory wear resistance, may produce wear debris.

(Also read about How cobalt-60 use in treatment of cancer?)

Bioceramic:

The ceramic materials used are not the same as porcelain type ceramic materials. Rather, bioceramics are closely related to either the body’s own materials or are extremely durable metal oxides.

Bioceramic are stiff hard chemically stable and very good via resistance Brittle and relatively difficult to process. Example:

• Alumina is used for joint replacement dental impacts Which is stable for human body.
• Carbon reinforced polymer component are use bone repair and joint replacement.

(Also read about Lightest solid material on earth: Graphene aerogel)

APPLICTION OF BIOMATERIALS:

•  Dental materials
• Orthopaedics: Hip and knee implants, hip replacement, bone repair.
• Cardiovascular devices: kidney dialysis machines, cardiac valves, artificial heart.
• Miscellaneous: blood bags, tubings made by PVC, polyurethane, silicones, soft tissue reconstruction made by silicone.
• Ophthalmology materials: hydrogel soft contact lences made of poly hydroxyethanethylmethacrylate.
• Rubbery soft lenses made of Si rubbers, flouropolymers. 

(Also read about About shape memory alloy and its applications.)

Medical use of radioactivity: French physician Henri danlos was the first scientist who used radium in the treatment of tuberculous  skin lesion. Now days, uses of radioactivity have become a vital part of modern medical care, both diagnostic and therapeutic.

Various techniques used in medical treatment are classified in to there classes;

Therapeutic procedures: In this process radiation is used as a weapon to kill diseased tissue can involve either internal or external source of radiation other uses of radio activity are as follows:

Cobalt-60 used in external Radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer. it is embedded in the cancerous tissue and emitted both beta and gamma rays.

(Also read about About carbon nanotubes, synthesis and its types.)

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